What is Andrology?

Andrology is a subfield of Urology. It is a branch of medicine that primarily deals with male reproductive system disorders and sexual health issues. Urologists who specialize in andrology are called "Andrologists." Andrology emerged as a subspecialty within urology in the late 1960s. Today, both in our country and worldwide, andrology receives significant attention.

With the improvement of healthcare standards and the consequent increase in life expectancy, interest in sexual health has grown. In developed Western countries, the subfield of "Andrology," which focuses on male sexual health within urology, has gained considerable interest in recent years. In our country, andrology is also becoming an increasingly popular medical field.

Andrology is a positive science based on the fundamental principles of modern science and medicine. It does not adopt practices or treatments that are inconsistent with scientific evidence. The treatment methods recommended by andrology are scientifically proven. Urologists specializing in andrology provide patients with universally accepted treatment approaches.

What is Pediatric Andrology?
It is a subfield that examines genital system disorders in children.

What is the Difference Between a Urologist and an Andrologist?
Urology deals with disorders of the genital and urinary systems in men, and the urinary system in women. Urologists are specialists in this field. Urologists who focus on andrology are called "Andrologists." There is no separate residency solely in andrology; to become an andrologist, one must complete a urology residency. Therefore, andrologists are also urologists.

Which Disorders Does the Andrology Department Treat?

• Male infertility

• Erectile dysfunction (ED)

• Varicocele

• Premature ejaculation

• Peyronie’s disease (penile curvature)

• Penile prosthesis surgery

• Testosterone deficiency (hypogonadism)

• Decreased sexual desire

• Sexually transmitted diseases

• Vasectomy (birth control)

• Testicular disorders (hydrocele, varicocele, undescended testis, orchitis, testicular cancer)

• Epididymal and other sperm duct disorders

• Testicular torsion, priapism

• Prostate disorders (prostatitis, prostate cancer, BPH)

• ESWT treatment (shockwave therapy)

• Circumcision

• Cystoscopy

• Urethral stricture

• Genital aesthetics

• Penile enlargement and thickening surgeries

Which Tests Are Conducted in Andrology Laboratories?

• Sperm analysis and other infertility tests

• Hormonal tests (FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin)

• Sexual function disorder tests

• Cancer tests (PSA, AFP, beta-HCG, LDH)

• Blood, urine, and urethral discharge tests for sexually transmitted infections

What is an Andrological Examination?
The diagnostic examination includes evaluation of the penis, scrotum, prostate, and related organs. A general urological examination is usually required for a healthy assessment.

What is an Andrology Clinic?
These are clinics where urologists specializing in andrology work and where necessary diagnostic and treatment procedures are performed. Conditions such as infertility and sexual dysfunction are treated here.

When Should One See an Andrologist?
Individuals experiencing infertility, erectile dysfunction, or similar symptoms should consult an andrologist. If an andrologist is not available, a urologist can also assist.

Common Tests Requested in Andrology

• Sperm test (spermiogram)

• Hormone tests (FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin)

• Blood tests (cholesterol, fasting blood sugar)

• Tumor markers (AFP, HCG)

• PSA test

• Tests for sexually transmitted diseases

Common Radiological Examinations in Andrology

• Scrotal ultrasonography (USG)

• Scrotal color Doppler USG

• Transrectal USG

• Penile color Doppler USG

• MRI, CT, scintigraphy

Outpatient Treatments in Andrology Centers

• ESWT treatment (shockwave therapy)

• Penile injections

• Circumcision (performed in operating room or clinic)

• Vasectomy

• Cystoscopy

• Scrotal and penile color Doppler USG

• Prostate massage

Conclusion
Andrology is a comprehensive medical field focusing on male reproductive and sexual health. With modern treatment methods and scientific approaches, it aims to improve patients’ quality of life. It is important to consult an expert andrologist when experiencing reproductive or sexual health problems.