Hypospadias

Hypospadias is a congenital condition in male children where the urethral opening (urinary canal) is not located at the tip of the penis but on the underside. This condition can affect normal urination and, later in life, sexual function. Hypospadias can usually be completely corrected through surgical intervention.

Symptoms and Presentation
Hypospadias is noticeable from birth and typically presents with the following features:

• Urethral opening located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip

• Urine stream directed downward

• Downward curvature of the penis (chordee)

• Incomplete foreskin on the underside of the penis

These findings are usually identified during the first postnatal examination.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is generally made through physical examination.
If a child is diagnosed with hypospadias, circumcision should not be performed, as the foreskin tissue may be needed for surgical repair.

Treatment
The treatment of hypospadias is surgical. The goals are to reposition the urethral opening to its natural location and correct any penile curvature.

• Surgical age: Typically recommended between 6 and 18 months of age

• Procedure: The urethra is reconstructed, and the tip of the penis is reshaped for a natural appearance

• Postoperative care: A temporary urinary catheter may be placed to facilitate urination

Importance of Early Treatment
If hypospadias is not corrected early, the child may face difficulties with urination and psychological effects as they grow older. Successful surgery at an appropriate age allows normal urination and supports healthy sexual function in the future.

Recommendations for Families

• Do not perform circumcision before surgery.

• Ensure the surgical procedure is performed by a pediatric urologist experienced in hypospadias repair.

• Follow all postoperative care instructions carefully to ensure optimal healing and function.